Monday, January 10, 2011

Stasis Dermatitis

Stasis dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs on the lower extremities and is chronic in nature.

This condition is commonly seen in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Venous insufficiency occurs as a result of loss of valvular function. Stasis dermatitis typically affects middle-aged and elderly patients and may be a precursor to lower leg venous ulcers.


History/Physical:
  • The appearance of reddish-brown skin may represent an early sign of stasis dermatitis
  • Stasis dermatitis is associated with brown deposits in the skin called hemosiderin
  • The inner ankle is frequently involved
  • Lower extremity edema (swelling) is often present
  • The patient with stasis dermatitis may experience mild itching, pain, or even cramping
  • Stasis dermatitis may present as red, scaling plaques with drainage, crusting, and possible superficial ulceration

Differential diagnosis:
  • Eczema - A skin condition that may include dryness, rash, and inflammation
  • Dermatitis (various types)
  • Cellulitis - A skin infection
  • Necrobiosis Lipoidica - A necrotizing skin condition
  • Tinea Pedis - An infection of the skin caused by a fungus

Work-up:
  • Venous doppler study may be used to reveal a deep venous thrombosis or valve damage
  • Skin biopsy of stasis dermatitis may be indicated in rare instances.

Treatment:
  • Compression therapy - Specialized compression stockings that have a controlled gradient of pressure. Compression can also be accomplished by the use of elastic wraps and Unna boots.
  • Elevation of lower extremities frequently

Topicals:
  • Corticosteroids - To reduce inflammation and itching
  • Wet to damp gauze dressings for weeping lesions
  • Open lesions are treated with topical antibiotics
  • Leg ulcerations or lesions with with coexisting skin infections may also be treated with oral or IV antibiotics by the physician

No comments: